
History of Nuclear Deterrence
Overview How did the initial discoveries in the field of atomic energy materialize decades later in weapons of previously unknown power? How did we go

Why deterrence? Introduction to contemporary nuclear and strategic issues
The aim of this seminar will be to study a series of strategic issues that are key to a proper understanding of contemporary international security

Cyber conflict: strategic issues and geopolitical realities (introduction and in-depth analysis)
The first part of this seminar, comprising six introductory courses, will enable students to discover the cyber domain and its major strategic and geopolitical issues.

Theories and political sociology of international relations
Presentation This course aims to provide conceptual and methodological tools for studying global and international phenomena. How can theories of international relations be used to

AI geopolitics: from digital and cognitive sovereignty to objects of war
This seminar aims to examine the uses and effects of artificial intelligence in the reconfiguration of contemporary strategic issues, whether cyber, informational, cognitive, or military.